Archive:Zypper usage 11.0

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This article is about how to use Zypper, the command line package manager using the Libzypp library. It contains complementary information to Zypper's manual page (man zypper). What you can't find here, you should find in the man page and vice versa.

Version: 11.0 This article is about zypper 0.11.6 as it appeared in openSUSE 11.0. For other versions see Zypper versions, Zypper usage and Zypper usage 11.1.



Quick Reference


This is what you will probably use most frequently.

zypper                 # to print the list of available global options and commands
zypper help search     # to print help for the search command
zypper lu              # to see what patch updates are needed
zypper up              # to apply the patch updates
zypper se sqlite       # to search for sqlite
zypper rm sqlite2      # to remove sqlite2
zypper in sqlite3      # to install sqlite3
zypper in yast*        # to install all packages matching 'yast*'
zypper up -t package   # to upgrade all installed packages with newer versions, where possible

General Usage


The general syntax of zypper is:

zypper [global-options] command [command-options] [arguments] ...

The components enclosed in brackets are not required, thus the simplest way to execute zypper is to type its name followed by a command. For example, to apply needed patches to the system type:

zypper update

Additionally, you can choose from one or more global options by typing them just before the command: (run the command, but don't ask me anything, decide on your own)

zypper --non-interactive update

To use the options specific to particular command, type them right after the command: (apply needed patches to the system but don't ask me to confirm any licenses, i've read them all before)

zypper update --auto-agree-with-licenses

Some of the commands require one or more arguments: (install or update mplayer package)

zypper install mplayer

Some of the options also require an argument: (update the system with newer packages)

zypper update -t package

All of the above combined: (install mplayer and amarok by using the factory repository only, be verbose)

zypper -v install --repo factory mplayer amarok 


Vocabulary


  • repository - local or remote directory containing packages and various package information (package metadata). Repositories were formerly known as installation sources , services or catalogs).
  • alias - repository alias is a short version of repository name for use in repository handling commands and options as removerepo or --repo.
  • package - software package (RPM package, source package). Patches, patterns, and products are also commonly referred to as different types of packages.
  • patch - represents a package or a group of packages needed to install an update (a bug fix mostly).
  • pattern - represents a group of packages. For example an Http Server pattern would have the dependencies defined so that all packages needed to run and manage an http server would have been triggered for installation when upon installing the pattern.
  • product - represents the whole product (e.g. 'openSUSE 10.3').


Commands


zypper provides a number of commands which can be grouped into the following categories:

  • repository management
    refresh, repos, addrepo, removerepo, modifyrepo, namerepo
  • package management
    install, remove, update, dist-upgrade, source-install
  • querying
    search, info, what-provides, list-updates, patch-check, patches, packages, patterns, products
  • locking
    locks, addlock, removelock
  • utilities
    verify, install-new-recommends
  • other
    help

Additionally, update, list-updates, patch-check, and patches commands can be referred to as update management commands.


Printing Help

First, it is good to know how to get help. To print general help (list of commands and global options), just type zypper without any option or arguments. To print help for specific command, use:

# zypper help [command]

zypper -h [command] and zypper [command] -h is also possible for convenience.


Repository Management

You can specify existing repositories by their number in the list produced by zypper lr, alias, or URI. When using the numbers, make sure you always check zypper lr first, as the numbers may change after you made some changes to the repositories.


Listing Defined Repositories

repos

Example output:

$ zypper lr
# | Alias                 | Name                  | Enabled | Refresh
--+-----------------------+-----------------------+---------+--------
1 | packman               | Packman 11.0          | Yes     | No
2 | fate                  | fate                  | No      | No
3 | openSUSE-11.0-Updates | Updates for 11.0      | Yes     | Yes
4 | repo-oss              | openSUSE-11.0-Oss     | Yes     | No
5 | repo-non-oss          | openSUSE-11.0-Non-Oss | Yes     | No
6 | repo-debug            | openSUSE-11.0-Debug   | No      | No

Other examples:

zypper lr -u       # to include also repo URI in the table
zypper lr -d       # to include several other repo properties in the table
zypper lr -P       # to include also repo priority and sort the list by it
zypper lr -e my    # export all repository definitions into file named 'my.repo'


Adding Repositories

addrepo

Before any packages can be installed at least one repository must be defined. To add a repository, use the addrepo command:

Example output:

$ zypper ar http://download.videolan.org/pub/vlc/SuSE/11.0 vlc
Adding repository 'vlc' [done]
Repository 'vlc' successfully added
Enabled: Yes
Autorefresh: No
URI: http://download.videolan.org/pub/vlc/SuSE/11.0

Other examples:

zypper ar http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/X11:/XGL/openSUSE_11.0/X11:XGL.repo  # via .repo file
zypper ar -c ftp://some.download.site myalias   # probe the repository upon adding
zypper ar my/dir/with/rpms local                # add your local directory with rpm files as repository

See also Libzypp/URI for the list of supported media types and URIs.


Refreshing Repositories

refresh

After adding of a repository or when a repository becomes out of date, it needs to be refreshed. This mean downloading package metadata from it and preprocessing the data into .solv cache for quick reading.

$ zypper refresh
Downloading repository 'Packman 11.0' metadata [done]
Building repository 'Packman 11.0' cache [done]
Downloading repository 'Updates for 11.0' metadata [done]
Building repository 'Updates for 11.0' cache [done]
Repository 'openSUSE-11.0-Oss' is up to date.
All repositories have been refreshed.

If autorefresh is enabled for a repository, you don't need to worry about refreshing, it happens automatically when needed. However, some people prefer to be in control when the refresh takes place (e.g. to avoid waiting for the refresh to complete when you only wanted to see 'zypper info krusader'), so they disable autorefresh. See man zypper for more details.

Other examples:

zypper ref packman main  # you can also specify which repositories to refresh
zypper ref -f upd        # force refresh of the 'upd' repository


Removing Repositories

removerepo

$ zypper rr vlc 1 23 foo
Repository 23 not found by alias, number or URI.
Repository foo not found by alias, number or URI.
Removing repository 'repo-debug' [done]
Repository 'repo-debug' has been removed.
Removing repository 'vlc' [done]
Repository 'vlc' has been removed.


Modifying Repositories

modifyrepo

Disable repository #6:

$ zypper mr -d 6
Repository 'repo-non-oss' has been sucessfully disabled.

Enable autorefresh and rpm files caching for 'packman' repository and set its priority to 70:

$ zypper mr -rk -p 70 packman
Autorefresh has been enabled for repository 'packman'.
RPM files caching has been enabled for repository 'packman'.
Repository 'packman' priority has been set to 70.

Disable RPM files caching for all repositories:

$ zypper mr -Ka
Nothing to change for repository 'local'.
RPM files caching has been disabled for repository 'packman'.
Nothing to change for repository 'fate'.
Nothing to change for repository 'upd'.
Nothing to change for repository 'repo-oss'.
Nothing to change for repository 'repo-non-oss'.

Enable RPM files caching for all repositories:

$ zypper mr -ka
RPM files caching has been enabled for repository 'repo-non-oss'.
RPM files caching has been enabled for repository 'Main Repository (OSS)'.
RPM files caching has been enabled for repository 'Main Repository (NON-OSS)'.
RPM files caching has been enabled for repository 'openSUSE-11.0-Updates'.

Renaming Repositories

namerepo

$ zypper nr 3 upd
Repository 'openSUSE-11.0-Updates' renamed to 'upd'.

This command is currently only able to change the alias of the repository. If you wish to change the displayed name of the repository, take a look at the mr command.

Keep the aliases short and simple for an easy use as arguments of commands and --repo options. Using an alias is safer than using repo number (since that may change and you can easily make a mistake) and easier than using URI (since they are long, leaving you with copy-and-paste).


Export/Import

repos -e

You can export your complete repository list to a file and import it later or on another machine.

zypper lr --export backups/repos/foo.repo
zypper ar backups/repos/foo.repo


Package Management

Installing Packages

install

You can install packages by name or by capability they provide:

$ zypper install git
Reading installed packages...

The following NEW packages are going to be installed:
  subversion-perl sqlite3 perl-DBD-SQLite git-svn git-cvs git


Overall download size: 1.1 M. After the operation, additional 4.6 M will be used.
Continue? [YES/no]:
Downloading package subversion-perl-1.5.0-96.1.x86_64 (1/6), 950.0 K (4.1 M unpacked)
Downloading: subversion-perl-1.5.0-96.1.x86_64.rpm [done]
Installing: subversion-perl-1.5.0-96.1 [done]
Downloading package sqlite3-3.5.7-17.1.x86_64 (2/6), 30.0 K (40.0 K unpacked)
Downloading: sqlite3-3.5.7-17.1.x86_64.rpm [done]
Installing: sqlite3-3.5.7-17.1 [done]
Downloading package perl-DBD-SQLite-1.14-41.1.x86_64 (3/6), 44.0 K (103.0 K unpacked)
Downloading: perl-DBD-SQLite-1.14-41.1.x86_64.rpm [done]
Installing: perl-DBD-SQLite-1.14-41.1 [done]
Downloading package git-svn-1.5.4.5-26.1.x86_64 (4/6), 66.0 K (195.0 K unpacked)
Downloading: git-svn-1.5.4.5-26.1.x86_64.rpm [done]
Installing: git-svn-1.5.4.5-26.1 [done]
Downloading package git-cvs-1.5.4.5-26.1.x86_64 (5/6), 63.0 K (205.0 K unpacked)
Downloading: git-cvs-1.5.4.5-26.1.x86_64.rpm [done]
Installing: git-cvs-1.5.4.5-26.1 [done]
Downloading package git-1.5.4.5-26.1.x86_64 (6/6), 10.0 K (3.0 K unpacked)
Downloading: git-1.5.4.5-26.1.x86_64.rpm [done]
Installing: git-1.5.4.5-26.1 [done]

...or by capability they provide:

$ zypper in MozillaFirefox \< 3
Reading installed packages...
'MozillaFirefox' providing 'MozillaFirefox<3' is already installed.
Nothing to do.
$ zypper in MozillaFirefox \>= 3
Reading installed packages...

The following packages are going to be upgraded:
  mozilla-xulrunner190-translations MozillaFirefox mozilla-xulrunner190-gnomevfs
mozilla-xulrunner190 MozillaFirefox-translations


The following package is going to be REMOVED:
  mozilla-xulrunner190-lang


Overall download size: 11.0 M. After the operation, 12.9 M will be freed.
Continue? [Y/n/p/?]:
$ zypper in 'libqtiff.so()(64bit)'
Reading installed packages...
'libqt4-x11' providing 'libqtiff.so()(64bit)' is already installed.
Nothing to do.

Other examples:

zypper in yast*                     # install all yast modules
zypper in -t pattern lamp_server    # install lamp_server pattern (packages needed for a LAMP server)
zypper in vim -emacs                # install vim and remove emacs in one go
zypper in amarok packman:libxine1   # install libxine1 from packman and amarok from any repo
zypper in bitchx-1.1-81.x86_64.rpm  # install bitchx rpm from local directory
zypper in -f subversion             # force reinstallation of subversion


Removing Packages

remove

The remove command is very much like the install command, except that the effect is the opposite :O)

$ zypper remove sqlite
Reading installed packages...

The following packages are going to be REMOVED:
  sqlite3 perl-DBD-SQLite git-cvs git


After the operation, 351.0 K will be freed.
Continue? [YES/no]: n


Source Packages and Build Dependencies

source-install

$ zypper si zypper
Reading installed packages...

The following NEW packages are going to be installed:
  libzypp-devel libsatsolver-devel


The following source package is going to be installed:
  zypper


Overall download size: 1.5 M. After the operation, additional 6.7 M will be used.
Continue? [YES/no]:

You can also install only the build deps or only the source package:

zypper si -D zypper    # only the source packages (no build deps)
zypper si -d zypper    # only the build deps (no source package)

Updating Packages

update -t package
dist-upgrade

The following is about updating packages with their newer available versions. See also Update Management for another type of update.

zypper dup     # use the distribution upgrade algorithm (handles package splits, unmaintaned packages and similar)
zypper up -t package                # update all installed packages with newer version as far as possible
zypper up -t package libzypp zypper # update libzypp and zypper
zypper in libzypp sqlite3           # update sqlite3 or install it if not yet installed


Querying

Searching Packages

search

By default, the search command looks for packages of any type, status or repository, having names containing specified string (compares case-insensitively):

$ zypper se sqlite
Reading installed packages...

S | Name                     | Summary                                                        | Type
--+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------
  | libapr-util1-dbd-sqlite3 | DBD driver for SQLite 3                                        | package
i | libgda-3_0-sqlite        | Sqlite Provider for GNU Data Access (GDA)                      | package
  | libqt4-sql-sqlite        | Qt 4 sqlite plugin                                             | package
i | libsqlite3-0             | Shared libraries for the Embeddable SQL Database Engine        | package
  | libsqlite3-0-32bit       | Shared libraries for the Embeddable SQL Database Engine        | package
  | mediatomb-sqlite         | UPnP AV MediaServer                                            | package
i | mono-data-sqlite         | Database connectivity for Mono                                 | package
  | pdns-backend-sqlite2     | SQLite 2 backend for pdns                                      | package
  | pdns-backend-sqlite3     | SQLite 3 backend for pdns                                      | package
i | perl-DBD-SQLite          | The DBD::SQLite is a self contained RDBMS in a DBI driver      | package
i | php5-sqlite              | PHP5 Extension Module                                          | package
  | python-sqlite2           | Python bindings for sqlite 2                                   | package
  | qt3-sqlite               | SQLite Database Plug-In for Qt                                 | package
  | rekall-sqlite            | Rekall sqlite Database Backend                                 | package
  | rubygem-sqlite3          | A Ruby interface for the SQLite3 database engine               | package
i | sqlite2                  | Embeddable SQL Database Engine                                 | package
  | sqlite2-32bit            | Embeddable SQL Database Engine                                 | package
  | sqlite2-devel            | Embeddable SQL Database Engine                                 | package
i | sqlite3                  | Embeddable SQL Database Engine                                 | package
  | sqlite3-devel            | Embeddable SQL Database Engine                                 | package
  | sqlite3-tcl              | Tcl binding for SQLite                                         | package
  | tntdb1-sqlite            | Tntdb is a c++-class-library for easy database-access - sqlite | package
  | ulogd-sqlite             | SQLite output plugin for ulogd                                 | package

The i in the first column says the package is already installed. To see all available versions of matching packages, use --details/-s option:

$ zypper search -s --match-exact virtualbox-ose
Reading installed packages...

S | Name           | Type    | Version    | Arch   | Repository
--+----------------+---------+------------+--------+------------------------------------
v | virtualbox-ose | package | 1.6.2-2.1  | x86_64 | VirtualBox OSE (OBS, openSUSE 11.0)
i | virtualbox-ose | package | 1.5.6-33.1 | x86_64 | openSUSE-11.0-Oss
v | virtualbox-ose | package | 1.5.6-20.5 | x86_64 | VirtualBox OSE (OBS, openSUSE 11.0)
v | virtualbox-ose | package | 1.6.2-2.1  | i586   | VirtualBox OSE (OBS, openSUSE 11.0)
v | virtualbox-ose | package | 1.5.6-33.1 | i586   | openSUSE-11.0-Oss
v | virtualbox-ose | package | 1.5.6-20.3 | i586   | VirtualBox OSE (OBS, openSUSE 11.0)

The i mean this particular version is installed, v means other version of this package is currently installed.

Other examples:

zypper se -dC --match-words RSI   # look for RSI acronym (case-sensitively), also in summaries and descriptions
zypper se 'yast*'                 # show all packages starting with 'yast' (beware of shell expansion, quote the strings if unsure!)
zypper se -r packman              # list all packages from 'packman' repository
zypper se -i sqlite               # show all installed packages containing 'sqlite' in their name
zypper se -t pattern -r repo-oss  # list all patterns available in the 'repo-oss' repository
zypper se -t product              # list all available products


Obtaining Information about Packages

info

$ zypper info amarok
Reading installed packages...


Information for package amarok:

Repository: Packman 11.0
Name: amarok
Version: 1.4.9.1-103.pm.1
Arch: x86_64
Vendor: packman.links2linux.de
Installed: Yes
Status: up-to-date
Installed Size: 12.1 M
Summary: Media Player for KDE
Description:
Amarok is a media player for all kinds of media, supported by aRts, GStreamer
or Xine (depending on the packages you install). This includes MP3, Ogg
Vorbis, audio CDs and streams.
It also supports audio effects of all kinds that are provided by aRts.
Playlists can be stored in .m3u or .pls files.

Amarok also provides audio file collection management, by using either an
embedded sqlite3, a MySQL or a PostgreSQL database.

This command displays detailed information about package named 'amarok'.

Other examples:

zypper info -t patch MozillaFirefox    # show information about 'MozillaFirefox' patch
zypper patch-info MozillaFirefox       # the same as above
zypper info -t pattern lamp_server     # show info about 'lamp_server' pattern
zypper info -t product openSUSE-FTP    # show info about specified product


Dependencies

what-provides

To list all providers of specified capability, do:

$ zypper wp firefox
Reading installed packages...
S | Name           | Type    | Version     | Arch   | Repository
--+----------------+---------+-------------+--------+------------------
i | MozillaFirefox | package | 3.0-0.1     | x86_64 | Updates for 11.0
v | MozillaFirefox | package | 2.9.95-25.1 | x86_64 | openSUSE-11.0-Oss
v | MozillaFirefox | package | 3.0-0.1     | i586   | Updates for 11.0
v | MozillaFirefox | package | 2.9.95-25.1 | i586   | openSUSE-11.0-Oss

This command is similar to rpm -q --whatprovides firefox, but rpm is only able to query the RPM database (database of the installed packages). Zypper, on the other hand, will tell you about providers of the capability from any repository, not only the installed ones.


Other Queries

Commands patches, packages, patterns, and products are similar to search -s -t [patch,package,pattern,product], except that they display some additional information specific to the corresponding package type. For example patches shows also the status of patches (Needed/Security/Not Applicable).

Commands list-updates and patch-check are discussed in Update Management.


Package Locks

locks
addlock
removelock

Package locks serve the purpose of preventing changes to the packages on the system. Packages matching an active lock can't change their installed status; installed packages can't be removed or upgraded, packages not yet installed can't be installed.

To lock all packages starting with 'yast2', do:

$ zypper al 'yast2*'
Reading installed packages...
Specified lock has been successfully added.

Again beware of shell expansion, use quotes if there is a possibility that yast* will match some files or directories in the working directory.

To list currently active locks:

$ zypper ll
# | Name             | Type    | Repository
--+------------------+---------+-----------
1 | libpoppler3      | package | (any)
2 | libpoppler-glib3 | package | (any)
3 | yast*            | package | (any)

To remove a lock, do:

$ zypper rl yast2-packager
Reading installed packages...
The following query locks some of the objects you want to unlock:

type: package
match_type: glob
case_sensitive: on
solvable_name: yast2*

Do you want remove this lock? [YES/no]: y
Lock count has been succesfully decreased by: 1

Other examples:

zypper al zypper                   # lock package 'zypper' (exact match)
zypper al -r repo-oss virtualbox*  # restrict the lock to 'repo-oss' repository (allowing installation from others)
zypper rl 3                        # remove lock by number

You can manipulate the locks also by directly editing the locks file.

Utilities

Verify Dependencies

verify

You may occasionally end up with a broken system when it comes to package dependencies. If some of your applications fails to start with a message indicating that it misses something, this is something for zypper to check:

$ rpm -e --nodeps mozilla-xulrunner190
$ firefox
Could not find compatible GRE between version 1.9.0 and 1.9.0.
$ zypper ve
Reading installed packages...
Some of the dependencies of installed packages are broken. In order to fix these dependencies, the following actions need to be taken:

The following NEW package is going to be installed:
  mozilla-xulrunner190


Overall download size: 6.5 M. After the operation, additional 23.5 M will be used.
Continue? [YES/no]: y


Install New Recommended Packages

install-new-recommends

This command finds and installs newly added recommended packages for packages you have already installed. This provides an easy way to get new language bundles for your software or drivers for newly added hardware.

$ zypper inr
Reading installed packages...

The following NEW packages are going to be installed:
  kdebase4-openSUSE-lang bundle-lang-common-cs


Overall download size: 534.0 K. After the operation, additional 1.9 M will be used.
Continue? [YES/no]:


Update Management

The following is particularly useful for people using stable releases and want update their systems with patches released through online update repositories (for package updates, see Updating Packages). Update repositories are added by default during installation or upgrade of the system, or they can be added via Online Update Configuration from the Software tab in YaST Control Center, or manually using zypper. Here is the list of available openSUSE update repositories.

YaST equivalent of this feature is the Online Update module.


Listing Updates

list-updates

To list all needed patch updates, do:

$ zypper lu
Reading installed packages...
Patches

Repository       | Name               | Version | Category    | Status
-----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+-------
Updates for 11.0 | KDE4-fixes         | 38      | recommended | Needed
Updates for 11.0 | MozillaFirefox     | 50      | recommended | Needed
Updates for 11.0 | NetworkManager-kde | 49      | recommended | Needed

Sometimes only updates affecting the package management are listed, since these should be applied first. Once applied, the rest of available updates will be listed by this command.

This command defaults to -t patch. To list all available package updates, use:

zypper lu -t package


Applying Updates

update

To apply the needed patches, do:

$ zypper up
Reading installed packages...

The following packages are going to be upgraded:
  NetworkManager-kde mozilla-nss mozilla-nspr kde4-korganizer


The following NEW patches are going to be installed:
  NetworkManager-kde MozillaFirefox KDE4-fixes


Overall download size: 2.9 M. After the operation, additional 283.0 K will be used.
Continue? [YES/no]:


Listing Patches

patches

The list-updates command only lists needed patches. To list all available patches, use:

$ zypper patches
Reading installed packages...
Catalog          | Name               | Version | Category    | Status
-----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+---------------
Updates for 11.0 | KDE4-fixes         | 38      | recommended | Installed
Updates for 11.0 | MozillaFirefox     | 50      | recommended | Installed
Updates for 11.0 | NetworkManager-kde | 49      | recommended | Installed
Updates for 11.0 | autoyast2          | 37      | recommended | Installed
Updates for 11.0 | courier-authlib    | 42      | security    | Not Applicable
Updates for 11.0 | insserv            | 47      | recommended | Installed
Updates for 11.0 | opera              | 43      | security    | Installed


Checking Patches

patch-check

This command will tell you whether there are any important patches available for your system and the number of such patches:

$ zypper pchk
Reading installed packages...
0 patches needed (0 security patches)


Getting Information About Patches

patch-info
info -t patch

$ zypper info -t patch MozillaFirefox
Reading installed packages...


Information for patch MozillaFirefox:

Name: MozillaFirefox
Version: 50
Arch: noarch
Vendor: maint-coord@suse.de
Status: Installed
Category: recommended
Created On: Thu 01 Jan 1970 01:00:00 AM CET
Reboot Required: No
Package Manager Restart Required: No
Interactive: No
Summary: Mozilla Firefox 3.0
Description:
This patch updates Mozilla Firefox to the final 3.0 version.

The dependend libraries mozilla-xulrunner190, mozilla-nspr
and mozilla-nss were also brought to their release version.


Using Zypper in Scripts and Applications


Zypper supports several global options which make it suitable for use within automated processes like scripts. Also, several different exit codes listed in zypper's manual page can be checked for when using zypper in an automated process.


Non Interactive Mode

--non-interactive

In this mode zypper does not prompt the user for any answers and uses default answers instead. When using this option it is guaranteed that zypper will not hang prompting for an answer on stdin, or in an endless loop.

For example, to update your system automatically without confirmation, you can type

# zypper --non-interactive update

This command does not require confirmation from the user to proceed with update, skips all interactive patches which would need additional confirmation and also automatically answers any other prompts.


No GPG Checks Mode

--no-gpg-checks

If this option is used, zypper will always choose to continue if some of the gpg checks fails, e.g. a repository file is not signed and should be, a file is signed and the gpg check fails, etc.


Auto-agree with Licenses

--auto-agree-with-licenses

This is special option for the install, remove and update commands. By using this, the user declares he/she agrees with the terms of licenses the command will install, and zypper will automatically say 'yes' to the license confirmation prompt. This is useful for people installing the same set of packages on multiple machines (by an automated process) and have read all the licenses before.


Quiet Output

--quiet

Avoids displaying too much texts like progress information and only displays result of the operation and error messages.


XML Output

--xmlout

This option makes zypper to talk in XML. This allows scripts, graphical front-ends or other types of applications which would like to use zypper, to parse zypper's output in a well-defined, standard way. The RNC schema of zypper's XML output is available here and at /usr/share/zypper/xml/xmlout.rnc.

Not all (but most of) the output is currently in XML; the goal is to have all possible output in XML.


Prompts

The following should be a complete list of cases where zypper needs user interaction together with the replies used in non-interactive mode. All the additional options mentioned here have higher priority over --non-interactive, so if used, the answer they imply are automatically used even if --non-interactive isn't used.


GPG-related prompts

Where --no-gpg-checks is applied, a message is displayed or a warning is written to stderr and logged.

prompt default answer with --no-gpgp-checks note
accept unsigned file? N Y
import key into keyring? N N a new key can be imported in the interactive mode only
accept unknown key? N Y
trust key? N Y
verification of signed file failed, continue? N Y
no digest for a file, continue? N Y
accept unknown digest? N Y


Other Prompts

prompt default answer other answer note
proceed with installation/removal/update? Y in addition, the --no-confirm option can be used with the install/remove/update commands even without the global --non-interactive
confirm 3rd party license N Y if --auto-agree-with-licenses is used in addition, for zypper update, --skip-interactive option can be used to exclude interactive patches from to-be-installed list (a heritage of rug)
confirm a patch message Y
problem while installing/removing a resolvable, Abort/Retry/Ignore? ABORT this is ugly and can be improved in future
problem while downloading a package, Abort/Retry/Ignore? ABORT this is also ugly, can be enhanced somehow in the future
dependency conflict, #/s/r/c (solution number, skip, retry, or cancel) c always cancel, user interaction is needed to resolve dependencies
media change request ABORT
remove problematic lock? Y

In XML output, prompts are indicated by <prompt> tag, containing id attribute. Enumeration of all known ids is available in prompt.h include file packaged with zypper (/usr/include/zypper/prompt.h).


Compatibility with Rug

Zypper's syntax is similar to that of rug but its command and option set has started to diversify from rug as well as its output and behavior. However, zypper is able to work also in rug-compatible mode and supports most of the rug commands. For more details see man zypper, section COMPATIBILITY WITH RUG.