WordPress

WordPress deployment on server

These instructions will be for MicroOS. Adjust for Tumbleweed or Leap as required. Instead of the official WordPress, Bedrock by Roots will be used.

A LEMP Stack will be used. Alternatively, a LAMP Stack can be used. Follow the instructions on that page to use it instead.

Web Server

WordPress requires a Web Server. The most common ones are Apache and Nginx. Nginx will be used as an example.

First install Nginx:

sudo transactional-update pkg in nginx

After the installation, a reboot is required:

sudo reboot

Second, enable and start Nginx service:

sudo systemctl enable --now nginx

To test if Nginx is running, go to the IP address of the host in a web browser.

PHP and FPM

Nginx doesn't run PHP on his own, so FPM is needed.

Install PHP and FPM:

sudo transactional-update pkg in php7 php7-fpm

Install required PHP modules:

sudo transactional-update --continue pkg in php7-gd

Install optional PHP modules:

sudo transactional-update --continue pkg in php7-dom php7-exif php7-fileinfo php7-imagick

Install optional fallback PHP modules:

sudo transactional-update --continue pkg in php7-iconv php7-intl

After the installation, a reboot is required:

sudo reboot

Enable and start FPM service:

sudo systemctl enable --now php-fpm

Configure SELinux:

sudo setsebool -P httpd_graceful_shutdown 1

MariaDB

For the database MariaDB will be used.

Install MariaDB and php-mysql(required by WordPress):

sudo transactional-update pkg in mariadb php7-mysql

After the installation, a reboot is required:

sudo reboot

Enable and start MariaDB service:

sudo systemctl enable --now mariadb

Configure SELinux

sudo setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_db 1

Secure MariaDB:

sudo mysql_secure_installation

Log in into the server client by executing:

mysql -p -u root

Create a user for WordPress (replace user and password):

CREATE USER 'user'@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

Flush privileges:

flush privileges;

Exit by typing exit or by pressing ctrl+d.

WordPress Database

To create a database for WordPress, first log in into the server client by executing:

mysql -p -u root

Create the database:

create database wordpress;

Grant database privileges to the user created above:

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON wordpress.* TO 'user'@'localhost';

Flush privileges:

flush privileges;

Exit by typing exit or by pressing ctrl+d and reboot.

Composer

Bedrock requires Composer.

Install Composer and other required tools:

sudo transactional-update pkg in php7-cli php7-tokenizer php7-xmlreader php7-xmlwriter php-composer2 unzip

After the installation, a reboot is required:

sudo reboot

WordPress

Bedrock will be installed in the bedrock directory in /srv/www to keep it separate and isolated of other sites.

Create a new project:

sudo composer create-project roots/bedrock example.com -d /srv/www/

Configure Bedrock

Update environment variables in the .env file:

sudo vi /srv/www/example.com/.env

For the database:

DB_NAME='wordpress'
DB_USER='user'
DB_PASSWORD='password'
DB_HOST='127.0.0.1'

Set the environment (development, staging, production)

WP_ENV='production'
WP_HOME='http://example.com'
WP_SITEURL="${WP_HOME}/wp"

Go to https://roots.io/salts.html to generate keys and insert them:

AUTH_KEY='generateme'
SECURE_AUTH_KEY='generateme'
LOGGED_IN_KEY='generateme'
NONCE_KEY='generateme'
AUTH_SALT='generateme'
SECURE_AUTH_SALT='generateme'
LOGGED_IN_SALT='generateme'
NONCE_SALT='generateme'

Configure Server Block

Create a new file in /etc/nginx/vhosts.d/ to prevent overrides. Replace example and example.com with your domain.

Create the file /etc/nginx/vhosts.d/example.conf

sudo vi /etc/nginx/vhosts.d/example.conf

With the contens:

server {
  listen 80 default_server;#Use default_server to override the default configuration
  server_name .example.com;

  root /srv/www/example.com/web;
  index index.php index.htm index.html;

  #Use FPM to server php files
  location ~ \.php$ {
    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    include        fastcgi_params;
  }

  # Prevent PHP scripts from being executed inside the uploads folder.
  location ~* /app/uploads/.*.php$ {
    deny all;
  }

  location / {
    try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
  }
}

Restart Nginx service:

sudo systemctl restart nginx

To initialize WordPress, go to the IP address of the host in a web browser.

WordPress development on desktop

wp-env

wp-env is a nodejs tool to help you develop and test WordPress plugins. In openSUSE, you need some extra steps to make it work.

First, you need to install some RPM packages:

sudo zypper install docker nodejs openssl-devel

Second, you need to start and enable Docker service:

sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker

Then, you can install wp-env:

sudo npm -g install @wordpress/env